Gateway Of The United States - 937 Words

Gateway to be Americanize America is the number one country that people from all around the world want to come in order to have a better life. To be able to enter the United States legally, the country requires a Visa for entering and be able to stay in the period of time. However there are some people that happen to enter the country illegally without the visa. According to the Migration Policy institute, in 2012 there are 11.4 undocumented immigrants in the US. and 4.1 million undocumented immigrants who brought children who were under 16 to the country with them. Unfortunately, the children who come to America illegally at such a young age do not know about their status in the country. They embrace America as their own country and they are familiar with the US. more than the countries that they were born in. Moreover young undocumented immigrants who grow up in America more likely to eager to push themselves to be nearly as American. Education is what makes them move to the middle class, to be Americanized . Although, the road for young undocumented immigrants had been impossible to reach, but the government has been introduced the policy that makes young undocumented students’ lives more reality which are â€Å"DACA and DREAMS Act†. DACA and DREAM act are the policies that have good benefits to young undocumented immigrants, however, there are downsides to this two policies that could harm immigrants who live in America illegally. In America, there might be 1.8 million out ofShow MoreRelatedGateway Inc. Essay1061 Words   |  5 PagesGateway Inc. Gateway, Inc., founded in 1985, started with two people working out of an Iowa farmhouse. With a keep it personal, make it simple philosophy Gateway, Inc. has grown rapidly since it went public 8 years after the company started. Today, Gateway is a 7.5 billion Fortune 250 company that has 19,000 people on its payroll and prides itself on building lifelong relationships with its customers.4 The company operates sales and technical support centers on four continents and has manufacturingRead MoreEssay on Gateway Vs Dell985 Words   |  4 PagesGateway was founded in 1985 in an Iowa farmhouse and has grown into one of Americas best-known brands. Gateway is the third-largest PC Company in the U.S. Gateway started out in 1991 when it introduced its distinctive cow-spotted boxes. In December 1993, it became part of the Fortune 500 and started to trade NASDAQ, a t$15.00 per share, prior to moving to the New York Stock Exchange in 1997. In March 2004, the company acquired eMachines, a PC maker, for $235 million. This took Gateway from aRead MoreThe Pipeline Of Canadian Columbia1682 Words   |  7 PagesCanada’s oil sand, an unconventional energy which is produces in Alberta. Rocky Mountains separates British Columbia and Alberta directly. For a long time, Two provinces get along with each other peaceful and happily. Until a project called â€Å"Northern Gateway pipeline† intrudes into people’s field of vision. The pipeline plans to start from Alberta, end up to a tanker port in Kitimat, on the northern coast of British Columbia. The main task of the pipeline project is to proceed an exportation of Alberta’sRead MoreBenefits Of Multilingualism752 Words   |  4 PagesMultilingualism â€Å"Making the United States a more multilingual society would carry with it untold benefits† oaks Ursula 20 April 2010. Multilingualism is in debate amongst people even in the modern times. Multilingualism is beneficial for people to learn and use. Some might say that multilingualism might be a waste of time. On the other hand, what is believed is that multilingualism is the supreme thing to do. Multilingualism is excellent as; languages are a gateway to the global community, encouragesRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1615 Words   |  7 PagesGrowing up, everyone has been taught that Drugs are bad. As kids, we nodded and promised not to be influenced by drugs; however, many people in society today are drug users or addicts. If legalized, marijuana would benefit the United States in terms of health, economy, and social reparations. Marijuana restriction laws may have a huge effect on underage usage. There has been similar evidence from the regulation of tobacco and alcohol. The correlation of smoking and drinking limits with the loweredRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1384 Words   |  6 Pagesstatus are slowly shifting across America. What was once viewed as a dangerous gateway drug is slowly being legalized across the nation for medicinal and recreational purposes. Alcohol is often used as a comparator to marijuana for good reason. 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It is a natural pain killer used today as a recreational drug by people all over the world. According to Noel Merino in, â€Å"Introduction to Gateway Drugs: Opposing Viewpoints†, â€Å"a drug is something other than food intended to affect the structure or function of the body†. Marijuana is a very controversial drug and has been outlawed in many countries for its affect on the function of the body. â€Å"Effects may involve hallucinationsRead MoreAnalyzing The Contro versy Behind The Northern Gateway Pipeline1257 Words   |  6 PagesFinal Exam Essay One Analyzing the Controversy behind the Northern Gateway Pipeline Proposed in the mid-2000’s, the Enbridge Northern Gateway Pipeline would send crude oil from just outside of Edmonton, Alberta to ports in Kitimat, British Columbia. From there it would be loaded onto tankers and shipped to countries in Asia. The Energy East Pipeline was proposed in 2013 and would send the oil towards New Brunswick and possibly Quebec. While theoretically this seems like an ideal way to quicklyRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1475 Words   |  6 PagesMARIJUANA HAS BEEN REGULATED SUCCESSFULLY BY STATE AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS There are many places where we can find marijuana successfully legalized, both by individual states here in the United States and by Federal governments abroad. I’ll start by introducing an example here in the U.S.: Colorado. On November 6, 2012, the citizens of Colorado voted in favor of Amendment 64 which allowed for the personal use and regulation of Marijuana (Ferner, 2014). Through this legislation came the Colorado

Non-Linear References/ Symbolism in the Glass Menagerie...

Tennessee Williams, The Glass Menagerie, is a play that evokes great sympathy and in some cases, empathy for a protagonist who struggles to overcome two opposing forces; his responsibilities and his desires. There are many symbols and non-liner references that contribute to the development of characterization, dramatic tensions and the narrative. This essay will examine in detail, the aspects of the play that contribute to the development of the above mentioned elements. In Toms opening addresses, he explains to the audience that the plays fifth character is his absent father Ââ€"present only in the form of a picture that hangs on the wall. This picture that looms above the dining room table makes the reader visualize the Wingfield†¦show more content†¦In the last scene where Tim Ââ€"the gentleman caller that Tom has secondedÂâ€" comes to meet Laura, the house is redecorated in an attempt to impress Lauras prospective husband. The pattern of the newly bought lamp shade is of blue roses. The rose-coloured light makes Laura look beautiful as she is illuminated in light that is cast off of blue coloured roses. Through this, she is Blue Roses. Likewise, when you look at transparent glass figurines; Lauras glass menagerie, under the right light and at the right angle, a beautiful rainbow of colour emerges. Under the right light, the glass figurines become more than just see-through. Similarly, under the right light by the right person, Laura s hines and is beautiful. While in an argument with his mother about books she confiscated because they were written by D.H. Lawrence, Tom is also confronted about his nightly disappearances to the movies. Amanda does not believe the claim that her son spends his nights out at the movies. Furthermore, she is angered by the drunken state in which he often returns home and believes it will place his job that the family depends on, in jeopardy. Although never admitted, Williams play is in many respects an autobiography detailing the hardships of his own life. Anyone who has ever studied Tennessee Williams knows that a significant part of his identity was that he was gay. As a young man, Tom had the burden of many responsibilities; being the

Analytical View Of James Joyces Araby Essay Example For Students

Analytical View Of James Joyces Araby Essay Analytical View Of James Joyces Araby#Goldstein ##Sara GoldsteinErnst Narrative Fiction22 October 2000An Analytical View of ArabyViewpoints from which stories are written are used to enhance the overall point a story is making. James Joyces Araby is no exception. Narrated by a young boy of about twelve or thirteen, it depicts his personal coming of age. The usage of a first person narration allows the reader to see things the way the boy sees them; be as innocent and wistful as he is, thus feeling the incredible intensity of his eventual realization. In addition to this coming of age theme, intricately woven throughout are hints to Joyces contemptuous view of Roman Catholicism, as well as many biblical allusions. Araby takes place around the turn of the century in Dublin, Ireland. At this time in history the Catholic Church had a great hold on the country. James Joyce held an immense dislike for the Roman Catholic Church and the strains it put forth, however these were not feelings that could be shared openly. Instead Joyce wrote about them in a symbolic fashion, using his writing as a tool to speak out. The opening paragraph of this story sets it up as one that will do just that. He states, ?. ..it was a quiet street except at the hour when the Christian Brothers School set the boys free,? suggesting that their religion had imprisoned them. The former tenant of the boys house, a charitable priest, had died inside and left his money to institutions and his furniture to his sister. This could be a symbolic reference to the fall of Roman Catholicism; his house being the country of Ireland, the priest being the religion. It is also interesting to note that the priest passed on with a lot of money- basically a contradictory situation (though the narrator fails to question this due to his naivet?. How would a priest end up with so much money? This is a possible stab at the hypocrisy and dishonesty of the church. Religion, as a whole comes up symbolically many times throughout the story. Joyce makes obvious reference to the Garden of Eden when describing ?the wild garden behind the house contained a central apple tree?. This is a parallel to a well known fall from grace, as the boy will soon experience. In addition, nearly all the boys thoughts of his silent admiration can be identified as religious references. Many of them happen to be sexual desires stifled by religion. The girl is most certainly used as a representation of the Virgin Mary. One night, before the bazaar, the boy watches out the window ?the brown clad figure cast by my imagination, touched discreetly by the lamplight at the curved neck, at the hand upon the railings and at the border below the dress.? More specifically, when the uncle has not yet returned to take the boy to the bazaar, the aunt suggests that he ?put off the bazaar for this night of our lord.? This night being Saturday, the service which is dedicated to veneration of Virgin Mary- sort of what he is doing by going to Araby for the girl. It is also interesting to note that there are multiple times when he refers to his infatuation in religious terms, such as her name coming to him in prayer, or her words playing him as if he were a harp. Due to strong religious obligations, sexuality was greatly repressed during the time of this story. This idea was vividly sketched in the paragraph which states ?All my senses seemed to desire to veil themselves and, feeling that I was about to slip from them, I pressed the palms of my hands together until they trembled, murmuring O love! O love! many times.? The intense sexual undertones of this passage are unmistakable. .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a , .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a .postImageUrl , .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a , .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a:hover , .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a:visited , .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a:active { border:0!important; } .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a:active , .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9404bfb4bc36da87546ca518bade464a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Symbolism in Hedda Gabler Essay It illustrates the boys confusion of religion and sexuality. A more straight forward example of sexual themes occurs when the girl and boy actually speak. Her obligations to her religion (the retreat) override her more sexual desires, while she releases her nervous sexual tension through twirling her silver bracelet around her arm. Furthermore, the boy seems to create a sexual image of the girl each time he sees her, describing the ?white border of a petticoat, just visible as she stood at ease?, and such. Though religion is a strong theme throughout Araby, its overall theme is the boys realization of his fall from grace. Within the story Joyce foreshadows this epiphany by using phrases such as ?feeling I was about to slip..?, in reference to his praying, or when approaching the booth at the bazaar he ?listened to the fall of the coins?. In general, the word ?fall?, or words of a similar definition appear five times throughout the story. After the boys uncle finally returns home drunk, he is given the money to go to the bazaar. Quite symbolic however is the poem that his uncle mentions as he walks out the door. The Arabs Farewell to his Steed, a poem by Caroline Norton was a popular work at the time. It is about a boy who sells his beloved horse for a few gold coins, but upon the horse being led away, the boy chases the man he sold it to in order to return the money and regain the horse. Though the boy misses the message, it is clear to the reader that he will soon realize that the love of the girl can not be bought. When he arrives at Araby, it is nearly deserted. He hastily enters through a more expensive gate, as opposed to looking for a sixpenny entrance as to make sure he gets in before it closes. The odd silence is compared to that of a church after services. As he walks toward a booth with vases and tea sets, Joyce mentions that the boy recognizes the voices of those selling the wares as English. He is treated in a very condescending manner, and his realization is beginning to manifest. This bazaar, though one of materialism captured his attention for the weeks before, in addition to his being hypnotized by the girl next door. All he should have been concerning himself with took second to materialism and his own ego. At this point he has fallen from grace. No longer is he the same innocent boy infatuated with the girl next door. He is now all grown up, and as self-deceiving as those around him.

Iraq and Afghanistan wars impact on the USAs economy

Many discussions have risen as to whether the war in Afghanistan and Iraq were necessary for United States to get involved in. Whether the wars were necessary or not, there are some effects that we have to live with that reminds us of them.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Iraq and Afghanistan wars impact on the USA’s economy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To start with, both wars consumed an estimated $2.4 trillion; the effect of these wars was felt in many economies of the world especially Iraq and Afghanistan. American economy was not spared either; there have been numerous concerns on the amount of spending that is put into wars. Another debate that has also arisen is the effect of the war on the economy as well as the economic prospects. The effects of the wars are negative; the reasoning behind this is because the war was understated as the white house advisor had estimated the war would sp end an estimated $ 200 billion instead an enormous $ 2.4 trillion was spent. A big difference therefore exists from the final figure that the war consumed as the government had to add more money meant for other developments. The understatement of the cost could be attributed to the fact that Bush administration thought it as a war that would take a small time hence inexpensive but to their surprise it took more time. The economy was hurt through the budget as a lot of money which would have been used to run the economy was used to fund it. An estimated $12. 5 billion was spent in Iraq in a month while another $16 billion was spent in Afghanistan every month as the operating expense (Bilmes Para 5). The operating expenses were funded by the funds from emergency appropriations: this amount of money could have been used to try and fight recession which was and still affecting the country. The budget of 2007 that was used to finance Iraq was $138 billion; such amount of money would have hired thirty thousand teachers, provided Medicaid facility for about 45 million Americans and also would be used to build about four hundred schools. The illustration shows the opportunity cost of getting involved in war in comparison with the services that could be availed to the public. Not only has the war affected the economy through the national budget but there has also been a decrease in household spending. Through an estimated by the Joint Economic Committee, by the year 2017 estimated $46,400 will be the increase in each household in terms of the taxation.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The meaning of this is that the household would have a lesser amount of money to spend, as a bigger portion of it will be directed to supporting the war. According to the principles of economics, less income translates to decrease in demand, which also results to lesser pr oduction. A continuous trend leads the country having a lesser GNP (Teslik Para 4). Another way the economy is been affected is due to increase of commodity prices in the market due to increase in toll on prices. The mostly affected commodity is crude oil, which has increased consistently as a result of the war. The increase in oil can be attributed to the fact that Iraq produces an amounting 3% of the global oil production. Not only does this cause an increase in price but also there is notable instability in the prices in the recent years. With the continuing of the war, oil prices are likely to increase to such a price that will strain the users of this commodity. In turn, government is spending more than what it would have spent in importing oil if there was no war. In the long run, there will be a likelihood of existence of inflation caused by high fuel prices. The national debt is estimated to be about $13 trillion. The fact that the wars were financed through borrowing means that the will be an increase in the national debt. Again, the fact the debt has an interest means that the debt can only increase with time. Having a big national debt means that added borrowing has higher interest rates, the borrowed money for the war there has effect on American people as the government uses more money to repay it leaving the taxes payers with a lesser amount of money to spend. Though the effects of the war when it comes to taxation are not been experience now means that they will be increased later to cater for the increased national dept. Financing the war using borrowed funds also means that the country will be made more dependent to other counties investors in bid to reduce the national debt (Thiele Para 5). The long term effect of this will be that there will be a decrease in the standard of living and the country in future will strain in dealing with some economic challenges that may arise like the in the health sector. Clearly a lot of money is been spent i n supporting the wars that United States is engaging itself into. The effects of the war are not only been involved in the three countries that are involved in the war but also other countries are also culprits of the same. A good example is when it comes to the prices of crude oil where the effect has been felt globally (Stiglitz Para 4). At the same time there has been a considerable increase the national debt since most of the money used to finance it is borrowed money.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Iraq and Afghanistan wars impact on the USA’s economy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The problems do not end there as the interest rates of borrowing increases with any additional borrowing. If nothing is done the country might face many problems in future with the government been forced to increases taxes to finance the dept. The effect of this may be a decrease in the national domestic produc t as well as lowering of the standard of living of the citizens. Quitting the wars and avoiding involvement in such wars can be of much benefit to United States economy. The money involved in the war would be channeled to promote development in other sectors as well as been used to reduce the national debt. The fact that there has been a recession means that the economy has already been hurt and there is no need of the war since it continually keeps in hurting the economy more. Almost all the sectors are being affected and there in need for the government to minimize the control the budget to avoid having an economic disaster in the near future (Sterngold Para 7). Works Cited Bilmes, Joseph Stiglitz and Linda. â€Å"The three trillion dollar war†. 2008.  Web. Sterngold, James. â€Å"Casualty Of War: The U.s. Economy†. 2005. Web. Stiglitz, Joseph. â€Å"The Three Trillion Dollar Warâ€Å". 2008. Web. Teslik, ee Hudson. â€Å"Iraq, Afghanistan, and the U.S. Economyà ¢â‚¬ . 2008. Council on foregn relations. Web. Thiele, Everett. â€Å"Military Spending: Cost of Iraq War is but the Tip of the Icebergâ€Å". 2005. Web.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This research paper on Iraq and Afghanistan wars impact on the USA’s economy was written and submitted by user Deegan G. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Lady Macbeth Character Analysis

Lady Macbeth Character Analysis Lady Macbeth is one of Shakespeare’s most infamous female characters. Cunning and ambitious, Lady Macbeth is a major protagonist in the play, encouraging and helping Macbeth to carry out his bloody quest to become king. Without Lady Macbeth, her husband might never have ventured down the murderous path that leads to their ultimate downfall.   In many respects, Lady Macbeth is more ambitious and power-hungry than her husband, going so far as to call his manhood into question when he has second thoughts about committing murder.   Sexism in 'Macbeth' Along with being Shakespeares bloodiest play, Macbeth is also the one with the greatest number of outright evil female characters. Chief among them are the three witches who predict Macbeth will be king and set the plays action into motion.   Then, theres Lady Macbeth herself. It was unusual in Shakespeares day for a female character to be so boldly ambitious and manipulative as Lady Macbeth. Shes unable to take action herself, perhaps because of the social constraints of the time, and must persuade her husband to go along with her evil plans. Masculinity is defined in the play by ambition and power, two qualities that Lady Macbeth possesses in abundance. By constructing the character in this way, Shakespeare challenges our preconceived views of masculinity and femininity. But what exactly was Shakespeare suggesting? On one hand, it was a radical idea to present a dominant female character. But on the other hand, Lady Macbeth is presented negatively and ends up killing herself after experiencing what appears to be a crisis of conscience.   Lady Macbeth Character Description and Guilt Lady Macbeth’s sense of remorse soon overwhelms her. She has nightmares and in one famous scene (Act 5, Scene 1), appears to try to wash from her hands the blood she imagines has been left behind by the murders. Doctor:What is it she does now? Look how she rubs her hands.Gentlewoman:It is an accustomd action with her, to seem thuswashing her hands. I have known her continue in this a quarter ofan hour.Lady Macbeth:Yet heres a spot.Doctor:Hark, she speaks. I will set down what comes from her, tosatisfy my remembrance the more strongly.Lady Macbeth:Out, damnd spot! out, I say! - One; two: why, thentis time to dot. - Hell is murky. - Fie, my lord, fie, a soldier, andafeard? What need we fear who knows it, when none can call ourpowr to accompt? - Yet who would have thought the old man tohave had so much blood in him? By the end of Lady Macbeths life, guilt has replaced her incredible ambition in equal measure. We are led to believe that her guilt ultimately leads to her suicide. Lady Macbeth is, therefore, a victim of her own ambition - and also possibly of her sex. As a woman  in Shakespeares world, she is not resilient enough to deal with such strong emotions, whereas Macbeth fights on to the very end despite his misgivings.   The treacherous Lady Macbeth both defies and defines what it means to be a female villain in a Shakespeare play.

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Free Online Research Papers Throughout the duration of this course we have touched on many different topics and disorders that all have been truly unique and very interesting. However, the chapter I found the most interesting was Anxiety Disorders and particularly Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Therefore, I will present a brief history of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder such as, its origin and how this disorder has affected individuals over generations. I will be touching on all aspects of this disorder ranging from how this disorder can be acquired in many different ways, forms to its multiple effects on individuals, and how this affects their behaviors and life style. I will also discuss treatments and some specific examples of PTSD. Forever, humans have been put under stress and in stressful situations, which have the ability to aggravate or make one so distressed, they will actually demonstrate mental and physical symptoms from this encounter with stress. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder works under similar principles, PTSD can be defined as a severe psychological reaction, lasting one month and involving intense feeling of fear, helplessness, or horror, to intensely traumatic events, events involving actual or threatened death or serious injury to oneself or others (Alloy, Riskino, Manos, 2005, p.157). In other words PTSD is the, â€Å"hypermnesis linked to the trauma which produces various emotional disturbances that result in a state of increased hypersensitivity towards environmental stimuli â€Å" (Tapia, Clarys, Isingrini El-Hage, 2007).Insinuating after this intense traumatic experience or episode one is going to experience an anxiety to stimuli that reminds the victim of this initial experience. PTSD can also be diagnosed in two different forms in the DSM-IV-TR, which are Acute and Chronic PTSD. The different forms are recognized by the severity of an individual’s disorder; Acute lasting just a month or so then gradually fading away. Then there is the Chronic form that is much more server and last for years, even decades, and in some cases a lifetime (Alloy et al., 2005, p.157). Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder has not always been defined or distinguished by DSM as it was portrayed above. Not until the third edition of the DSM published in 1980 was PTSD placed as a subcategory of anxiety disorders, then again it was republished with the fourth edition in 1994 defining it as a new stress response category (Beall, 1997). The true origin or time when the term PTSD was defined was in 1908s yet for many years before this there have been terms which were used to describe the symptoms of this disorder which was commonly associated with war fatigue. These are terms such as â€Å"shell shocked†, â€Å"combat fatigue† and â€Å"combat neurosis†, were terms, which mainly arose during World War I (WW1) to describe some soldier’s depression, anxiety, nightmares and panic attacks after returning from battle. This followed through WWII where the same symptoms were observed. A study on 1,089 Dutch veterans 50 years after the WWII showed that 50% o f these people were still suffering from PTSD in some way and only 4% showed no symptoms at all. The next major war, the Vietnam War, saw much of the same but on a larger scale due to many factors. (Alloy et al., 2005, p.158). At one time war fatigue was one of the only causes of PTSD; however, today we now know that it is one of the major causes and there are many other stressors, situations, and events which can cause one to endure the same symptoms of PTSD; both acute and chronic. For many generations Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder was mainly related to war fatigue. Yet it is now known that virtually any trauma that can be considered life threatening or that severe, compromises the emotional well-being of an individual, or causes intense fear is a cause of PTSD. In other terms PTSD can derive from any stress, fear, situation or event, which can cause injury, death, emotional damage or even intense fear. So this can happen in many different situations; for example, a plane crash, a natural disaster (tornados, earthquakes, etc.), an assault, a car crash or even rape. It all depends what each individual feels will compromise their well being to what situations can actually be a trigger for the start of PTSD. A perfect example of this was after two large earthquakes in Iceland 100 children between the ages of 10-15 were chosen from the hardest hit areas to be examined and questioned for symptoms of PTSD. The results were quite interesting where 59% an extreme fear of injury during the quake 49% fear of death and 30% felt completely helpless. This Natural disaster triggered the symptoms of PTSD among these children and left an imprinting fear or anxiety of earthquakes with them (Bodvarsdottir, Elkit Gudmundsdottir, 2007). The effects and symptoms of PTSD can also be portrayed through each individual in a variety of ways, shapes and forms. According to the â€Å"National Institute of Mental Health† there are three main categories which symptoms can be grouped under. The first category is re-experiencing symptoms, which can be anything from flashbacks (reliving the experience), nightmares, and frightening or even suicidal thoughts. These types of symptoms can be triggered from anything that reminds the victim of the traumatic experience. Types of triggers could be a place, thought, word, object or almost anything that reminds the individual of the traumatic event. The second category is avoidance symptoms, which include avoiding certain places, objects, and people. The victim might feel socially numb and have strong guilt and depression. One may have loss of interest in once enjoyable activities and they may have trouble remembering the actual traumatic even which triggered the PTSD. The last cat egory is hyperarousal symptoms such as feeling on edge, anxious, being easily startled, having sudden outburst, and having difficulty sleeping (NIMH, 2009). All of these symptoms interfere with the victim’s ability to function normally or to the extent they did before the triggering event. This may be anything from ones sleeping pattern being disoriented, insomnia, lack of energy or motivation and even fear or loss of social activity. In many cases the individual may lose the ability to function properly or at all in social situation, which can lead to a social phobia. A particularly good example of this is when Vietnam Veterans returned form war. Instead of being greeted with praise and welcomed they were spat on and called baby killers due to the political view at that current time. Along with most likely having some form of PTSD these men were also repressed by society forcing down upon them, â€Å"social stigmatization and isolation† (Nietlisbach Maercker, 2009). In many cases this caused victims to become violent and distant from love ones, this is a possibility for any case of PTSD not just war veterans. However there are treatments that can be used to counter act PTSD. Treatments for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder include a variety of techniques that are designed to help the victim through a recovery process. These techniques include forms of psychotherapy where the victims and encouraged to form relationships with family or friends. The individual should begin relationship building as well as emotional and cognitive connections with the trauma. The victim should also recognize the divergence between pre and post trauma values, meaning how their values have changed. Learning to modify one’s since of self establishes a meaning for the trauma being experienced. Also, it is important to reestablish appropriate self-management and social skills so they will be able to live a normal life (Marshall Dobson, 1996). These types of therapies along with constant reestablishment into society and their family along with reassuring yourself confidence is very key in through PTSD. There are medications, which are also used such as paroxetine and sertralin e, which are both anti-depressants. These are used to treat depression, fear, worry, anger and feeling numb inside. In many cases this is paired with psychotherapy and the various techniques discussed above to help the victim through the effects of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (NIHM, 2006). In conclusion Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a very concerning disorder, which is triggered by a traumatic event that induces the fear of death, injury or emotional damage. This has been seen through the ages yet became very prevalent in the first and second World Wars were men came home with bouts of battle fatigue or being â€Å"shell socked.† This was also seen all throughout Vietnam and on a larger scale due to the political views during that era. PTSD was then defined in the DSM-III in 1980 as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. We now know, that PTSD can be caused not only from war but almost any traumatic event in an individual life, which triggers the immense fear of death, injury or emotional damage. This affects individuals in a variety of ways through symptoms such as re-experiencing the traumatic event, avoidance and hyperarousal. In some case impairing ones ability to function normally in social situations. However, there are treatments that are designed to target the specific symptoms and affects to rebuild the victim’s confidence, relationships, and life style to what it was to previously to the traumatic event. References (2006). National Institute of Mental Health. Retrieved from nimh.nih.gov/health/publicati Alloy, L., Riskino, J., Manos, M. (2005). Abnormal psychology current perspectives 9th edition (pgs. 157-158) New York McGraw Hill. Beall, L. (1997). Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Bibliographic Essay. Retrieved from www.lib.auburn.edu/socsci/docs/ptsd.html Bodvarsodottir, I., Elkit, A., Gudmundsdottir, D.B. (2007). Post-traumatic Stress Reactions in Children after two large Earthquakes in Iceland. Nordic Psychology 58(2), Jul, 2006. pp. 91-107 , doi 10.1027/1901-2276.58.2.9 Marshall, R., Dobson, M. (1996). A gereral model for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder in war veterans. Psychotherapy Vol 32(3), Fal, 1995. pp. 389-396 , doi 10.1037/0033- 3204.32.3.389 Nietlisbanch, G., Maercker, A. (2009). Effects of social exclusion in trauma survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychological Trauma 1(4), Dec, 2009. pp. 323-331 , doi 10.1037/a0017832 Tapia, G., Clarys, D., Isingrini, M., El-Hage, W. (2007). Memory and Emotion In Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Canadian psychology 48(2), May, 2007. p. 106-119, doi 10.1037/cp2007012 Research Papers on Post Traumatic Stress DisorderThree Concepts of PsychodynamicPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Definition of Export QuotasHip-Hop is ArtBringing Democracy to AfricaMind TravelThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andAnalysis Of A Cosmetics Advertisement

Health care marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Health care marketing - Essay Example As the pioneers who â€Å"bridged the gap between the initial R&D and the market-ready innovation by defining a baby-care niche† (Blatchford, 2010), Johnson & Johnson successfully used the branding strategy to turn the undifferentiated product ‘Mineral Oil’ ( used primarily for health and medical uses) into one of their most successful consumer products. The Johnson’s Baby product range was later extended to include more related products like the ‘No more tears shampoo’. The brand has become well-known for its comfort, care and safety message which has been communicated very effectively through the above-the-line advertising and their signature pink packaging. The marketing strategies of the Brand have been so successful because of the effective use of basic principles of marketing especially with regards to identifying the target market and developing suitable communications. Target Market   The target market can be formally defined as "A se t of buyers sharing common needs or characteristics that the company decides to serve" (Kotler et al, 2010). Defining the target market is the foundation step towards developing the value in a product or service, that will be communicated according to the consumers needs. The development of distribution, advertising, and production plans all depend on the target market as selected by an organization. ... The communication and value proposition offered is same for all segments. Differentiated: targeting several segments and offering them varied value propositions for a given product, in accordance with their specific needs Niche: Focusing on just one segment, provides them with specialized products with unique value proposition. (Kotler et al, 2010). An organization with a highly innovative product may want to go with niche marketing as they can concentrate their resources on developing a highly involved market for their product. This strategy may also be preferred for companies that are starting out small and do not have the financial and human resources required for a larger marketing plan targeting several different groups of consumers. Organizations have to be clear about their own strengths (and weaknesses), their long and short term goals and the external environment before deciding to utilize a particular targeting strategy. Consumer insight research is an important component o f this process, as it highlights what exactly are the consumer needs and their perceived reception to any new product and Johnson & Johnson. The market segments to be selected for targeting purposes are divided into groups with similar demographic and psychographic traits. The marketers group the consumers through evaluation of questions such as; will they feel the need for a certain product? If so what value will the ascribe to it? Can they afford it? Are they doers or achievers? Is brand status important to them? How important is family to them? And so on and so forth. Questions such as these are designed to provide consumer insight and feelings, which can help a company to design and communicate better solutions for them.